Renewables: Solar Cells and CO2

For those who despair at the daily news reports of record-breaking summer temperatures and the inexorable onset of global warming, take heed and take hope from the following numbers. The total installed generating capacity of photovoltaic (PV) solar worldwide in 2012 equalled 100 GW, or roughly the equivalent of 100 nuclear power plants. Solar PV is a silent, reliable technology (as long as the sun shines, but see Intermittency below for more on that) with no moving parts and a life expectancy of 20 – 40 years. This currently installed generating capacity uses PV cells that convert sunlight to electricity at efficiencies ranging from 9 to 14 percent, around 10 percent on average.

But there are a number of new generation PV cells in the works in dozens of countries around the world that have achieved efficiencies of 40% under laboratory conditions. These are mostly multi-junction PV cells coupled with a layer of light-focussing elements. These cells are currently too expensive for everyday use but have proved their worth in satellites and at remote research locations. As mass production techniques for each of these new technologies evolve, the price of such systems will come down within a decade to the affordability range of the current crop of monocrystalline cells that are the most commonly used worldwide.

Mass production in China has reduced the prices of monocrystalline cells so much in the past few years that they are now being used in rural areas in India. For a more detailed report by someone active in rural electrification efforts, see the link below.

Click to access PB_Off-grid%20solar%20Power%20in%20Rural%20India.pdf

Intermittency: Solar power is great as long as the sun shines, but what about after dark? Well, there’s wind, for one, but that is intermittent too. The evolving answer to that is storage technology (see my blog of 22nd June: Renewables – 13 next-generation battery designs). Link below

Renewables – 13 next-generation battery designs

The bottom line is: systems are not perfect, and if anyone wishes to poke holes in an argument, they can and will. So in the end, choice of energy systems comes down to attitudes, opinions and habit. This fact lies at the heart of the renewable energy debate. Proponents of business-as-usual, nested comfortably as they are in a carbon-based economy that has reached a high degree of organizational efficiency over a century, see no need to change, and dismiss all thought of powering the world with renewables instead of coal, oil and gas as it is now.  As Carl Jung pointed out nearly a century ago: Attitudes are more important than Facts, so a proponent of nuclear energy is likely to insist on the relative safety of nuclear technology (an argument that is statistically correct) until the day his own family is forced to shift from their home forever because of uncontrolled radiation release.

For anyone looking for more details on the PV technologies mentioned above, I can recommend the blog postings of the indefatigable Dave Elliott at http://blog.environmentalresearchweb.org/2013/08/17/solar-cells-1/

Hong Kong: High Rises and Siberian Fur

Hong Kong is rightly known to be a shopper’s paradise. Even to one indifferent to the lure of possessions like yours truly, it is hard not to admire the vibrant energy and hard work that lie behind the glittering facades of designer storefronts, name brand stores and all the shiny temples of consumerism on display. Walking down a Kowloon street at 10 o’clock one night in the first week of our stay, we were astounded to see well-dressed shoppers toting designer bags queueing up to get into the flagship Gucci store; a store that easily surpasses Vienna, London or New York in both size and glitz. 

Here is a short extract from the blurb for the Ocean Centre shopping mall:

The mall is divided into four zones, Ocean Terminal parallel alongside a cruise ship berth, Ocean City, Gateway Arcade and Marco Polo Hongkong Hotel Arcade. Shops are mainly high-end and mid-range and range of goods includes mens and ladies fashion and accessories, beauty and personal care, childrens and maternity wear, sportswear and shoes, leather goods, shoes and bags, gifts, jewellery and watches, audio visual and electrical appliances and home furnishings.

After listing several dozen of the most famous among the 700 shops and 50 restaurants in the complex, it then goes on to say:

Shoppers venturing into Harbour City are advised to obtain a shop directory/floor plan on arrival as whilst the layout of this mall appears simple the numbering of floor levels can be particularly confusing when moving between different zones. A warning I would advise you to take seriously if you don’t want to wander for hours!

DSC_0198#1 DSC_0195#1The feng-shuied elegance of the city’s skyscrapers and smooth-flowing traffic on multi-layered roadways are both marvels of engineering and organisation. And then, on a crowded street near Central, the sight that epitomised the depth of this city’s mercantile impulse; a ten-storied building in this tropical city apparently dedicated entirely to Siberian Fur.

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Mr. Hadrian and his wonderful Wall

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Driving north from Birmingham on the highway that is variously called the M1, the M18 and the A1, one comes across traces the Romans left of their long stays in Britain two thousand years ago. Around 120 AD Mr. Hadrian, properly known as Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, who was an avid tourist and visited almost every province of his vast empire during his reign, came to the far north. He decided to prevent the savage Scots (who are now trying to peacefully disengage from, and stay out of, Britain) from entering his realm by building a high wall to keep them out. How times change!

Successful or not, today the remnants of Hadrian’s wall run through a beautiful piece of gently undulating countryside that is well worth a few days exploration. From Corbridge, one drives along enchanting winding lanes to Vindolanda, where there is an exceptionally fine Roman Army Museum. There are several archaeological excavation sites in the surrounding countryside that regularly unearth details of everyday life in these Roman towns and garrisons.DSC_0097DSC_0102

Here is a link to the Vindolanda museum run by the Vindolanda Charitable Trust. The trust also funds the continuing excavations.

http://www.vindolanda.com

The Vindolanda Tablets are palm-sized wooden blocks that were used to send messages written in ink. The wooden tablets were folded in two like a sheet of paper for despatch. A number of these were found recently, buried in the mud, their messages perfectly preserved between the folds. The tablets provide touching personal insights into the lives of the legionaries who lived in this outpost of their empire, far away from their own home. In one, a legionary thanks a distant colleague for sending socks and warm underclothing; in another, a general’s wife invites the wife of a fellow officer to dinner.

Which City is This?

It has a big wheel, but it isn’t Vienna.

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Here’s a clue (below). This Roman Fortress Gate is now a Gents toilet. The first three correct answers will get a free copy of my forthcoming anthology: THE IRONWOOD POACHER AND OTHER STORIES, when it appears in October this year. I look forward to your answers and inspired guesses.

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Cat in a Sink: En Route to Lamma Island

Here is Bounty having a last sit in the kitchen sink at Kanalstrasse in Vienna before moving to temporary accommodation and subsequent air cargo flight to Lamma Island, Hong Kong. Simba flies with her too, of course.

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Typhoon Warnings and Umbrella Sleeves

Arrived in Hong kong late Friday evening and we were both immediately dazzled by the city and the efficiency of its services, all of which one has read about and expects, but nevertheless, is still impressed by in practice. Later, wandering around the Wan Chai district close to our hotel at 9 pm, perfectly dry in the elevated labyrinth of walkways in the area, we came upon something that epitomised the city that night. At the entrance to a humongous indoor shopping plaza, bigger than anything I’d been in, a row of thin transparent plastic strips near the entrance. As I wondered what it was there for, a passing girl rips off a sleeve from the hanging bunch and slips it over her dripping umbrella. Outside, a downpour that accompanies a low level 3 typhoon warning fizzles out and the metro is filled to overflowing with cheerful crowds.

I want to see more…

Stories to Go: Sudarshan’s Gift on Kindle

Online Originals has finally released Sudarshan’s Gift on Amazon as a Kindle edition. A synopsis of the story below.100_0404

Growing up with his grandmother, Musori, in a small town at the foothills of India’s Himalayas, Sudarshan yearns to break free. But his beloved grandmother is all the family that he has — his mother died when he was young, and his English father is said to have abandoned him. When he finds out that Musori has deceived him all along, that she has robbed him of his birthright, his rage and disappointment are boundless. But when finally he goes to confront Musori with evidence of her duplicity, he finds that she is dying. Faced with a final choice between truth and love, Sudarshan spontaneously gives Musori the simple gift which, unknown to him, she has been waiting for all her life.

https://www.amazon.com/author/aviott

The Beagle Boys, contd.

Oh, and they took some jools, too. The loss of past association is much more deeply felt than the loss of the twinkling stones. However, our souls soldier on (pardon the pun!) undiminished. In the words of the Bhagavad Gita: Fire burns it not; Weapons cleave it not.

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On the night of the 27th…

On the night of the 27th...

The Beagle Boys came calling while we were at a concert. Unfortunately their pickings were good and they tiptoed away unseen with 3 laptops and an iPad. The iPad was outfitted with “find my iPad software” but is still lost. Which begs the question: where is the NSA when we need them? Stop chasing Snowden and help us find the iPad which was a just a day old and a present to my wife.

Renewables – 13 next-generation battery designs

Here’s 13 rare battery startups working on next-generation manufacturing, chemistry and printing technologies. These battery companies could create innovation that could revolutionize electric cars, the power grid and how we charge up our gadgets and cell phones. See the report by Katie Fehrenbacher at the link below.

http://gigaom.com/2013/01/14/13-battery-startups-to-watch-in-2013/

Interesting and positive to note that Big Oil is investing in some of these companies.